NCSI :: Denmark

Archived data from 2016-2023

17. Denmark 84.42

17th	National Cyber Security Index
32nd	Global Cybersecurity Index
4th	ICT Development Index
6th	Networked Readiness Index

Population		5.7million
Area (km2)		43.1thousand
GDP per capita ($)		49.6thousand

NCSI FULFILMENT PERCENTAGE

NCSI DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE 3 years All data

RANKING TIMELINE

NCSI Update		Data source

Version 20 Sep 2021

GENERAL CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

1. Cyber security policy development 6/7 86%

6
7 86%
- 1.1. Cyber security policy unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A central government entity (ministry or equivalent) has a specialised official or unit responsible for national cyber security policy development.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://fmn.dk/en/ministeriet/the-department/organisation/
  
  The Ministry of Defense has a specialized policy unit on “Security and Cyber” in the department of Security Policy and Operations, which works on national and international cyber security policy development.
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/2019/836
  
  Centre for Cyber Security, part of the Danish Defence Intelligence Service under the Danish Ministry of Defense, established in 2012, regulated under the law number 836, 7 August 2019
- 1.2. Cyber security policy coordination format 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has a committee, council, working group, etc. for national-level cyber security policy coordination.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://digst.dk/media/16943/danish_cyber_and_information_security_strategy_pdfa.pdf
  
  A national steering committee for cyber and information security has been set up in June 2018. This steering group, which is headed jointly by the heads of the Centre for Cyber Security (Ministry of Defence) and the Agency for Digitisation (Ministry of Finance) is tasked with following up on the implementation of the national strategy for cyber and information security, launching any supplementary initiatives and analyses and regularly discussing Denmark’s national policy on information security. Other members are representatives from the Ministry of Justice and for the ministries responsible for sectors covered by the NIS directive. (see first paragraph on page 42, initiative 3.4 on page 44, figure 2 on page 50)
- 1.3. Cyber security strategy 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has established a national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.
  Accepted references
  Valid official document
  
  Evidence
  
  https://digst.dk/media/16943/danish_cyber_and_information_security_strategy_pdfa.pdf
  
  Danish Cyber and nformation Security Strategy 2018-2021
- 1.4. Cyber security strategy implementation plan 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has established an implementation plan to the national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.
  Accepted references
  Valid official document or its enforcement act
  
  Evidence
2. Cyber threat analysis and information 5/5 100%

5
5 100%
- 2.1. Cyber threats analysis unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A central government entity has a national-level unit that is specialised in national strategic cyber threat situation analysis.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://cfcs.dk/da/cybertruslen/
  
  Centre for Cyber Security, part of the Danish Defence Intelligence Service under the Danish Ministry of Defense, established in 2012, regulated under the law number 836, 7 August 2019. The Center publishes threat assessments, including a yearly national threat assessment as well as sectoral threat assessments.
  
  https://cfcs.dk/en/about-us/about-cfcs/
- 2.2. Public cyber threat reports are published annually 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The public part of the national cyber threat situation analysis is published at least once a year.
  Accepted references
  Official public report
  
  Evidence
  
  https://cfcs.dk/da/cybertruslen/
  
  CFCS publishes on an ongoing basis reports and assessments regarding the cyber threat towards Denmark.
- 2.3. Cyber safety and security website 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Public authorities provide at least one cyber safety and security website for cyber security and ICT professionals, and regular users.
  Accepted references
  Website
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.sikkerdigital.dk/
  
  As part of the national strategy for cyber and information security, a web portal was launched in October 2018, containing readily accessible information and advice, specific tools for citizens, businesses and authorities regarding information security and data protection, as well as information on how to comply with current legislation. The web site is managed by the Danish Agency for Digitisation and the Danish Business Authority in collaboration with several partners.
  
  https://cfcs.dk/da/forebyggelse/vejledninger/
  
  Centre for Cyber Security regularly publishes various cyber security guidelines, such as how to protect mobile devices, how to log, how to protect against phishing attacks, and how to reduce the risk of ransomware.
3. Education and professional development 9/9 100%

9
9 100%
- 3.1. Cyber safety competencies in primary or secondary education 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Primary or secondary education curricula include cyber safety / computer safety competences.
  Accepted references
  Official curriculum or official report
  
  Evidence
  
  https://emu.dk/grundskole/it-og-teknologi
  
  For the primary and lower secondary schools, computer safety is a part of the cross-curricular subject "It og medier" (ICT and media) as part of the focal area "Digital Dannelse" (Digital culture). ”It og medier” is a compulsory cross-curricular subject (“Tværgående tema”) as is described here: https://www.uvm.dk/folkeskolen/fag-timetal-og-overgange/fag-emner-og-tvaergaaende-temaer/tvaergaaende-temaer
  
  The Danish Ministry of Education has established a learning portal with educational material on digital education, cyber security and digital judgement:
  
  https://emu.dk/grundskole/it-og-teknologi/digital-dannelse
  
  https://emu.dk/grundskole/it-og-teknologi/cybersikkerhed
  
  https://emu.dk/grundskole/it-og-teknologi/digital-dommekraft
  
  A broader technological comprehension educational program including cyber and information security is being tested in the Danish primary school:
  
  https://tekforsøget.dk/
  
  The Ministry of Education has developed a large amount of educational materials focusing on helping educators teach data protection and information security: https://www.uvm.dk/aktuelt/nyheder/uvm/2019/nov/191113-nyt-om-vidensomraade-om-cyber-og-informationssikkerhed
- 3.2. Bachelor’s level cyber security programme 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Bachelor’s or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.ug.dk/uddannelser/professionsbacheloruddannelser/overbygningsuddannelser/it-sikkerhed
  
  Cyber and information security is available as a professional bachelor's degree in Aarhus, Odense and Copenhagen. It confers the title "Bachelor of IT Security" upon the student.
- 3.3. Master’s level cyber security programme 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Master’s or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.dtu.dk/english/education/msc/programmes/computer_science_and_engineering#study-programme__study-lines__computer-security
- 3.4. PhD level cyber security programme 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at PhD or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
  
  https://cast.ku.dk/news/cyber_security/
  
  Funding has been granted to Ph.D. research in cybersecurity in various specific cases, including the project "Cyber Security in Practice: Public- Private Partnership in the Danish Cyber Defence" (2015)
- 3.5. Cyber security professional association 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a professional association of cyber/electronic information security specialists, managers or auditors.
  Accepted references
  Website
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.isaca.org/chapters8/denmark
4. Contribution to global cyber security 2/6 33%

2
6 33%
- 4.1. Convention on Cybercrime 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country has ratified the Convention on Cybercrime.
  Accepted references
  Official website of the convention
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/185/signatures?p_auth=fGHTXRPV
- 4.2. Representation in international cooperation formats 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government is regularly represented in a cooperation format that is dedicated to international cyber security (e.g. FIRST).
  Accepted references
  Official website of the cooperation format
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.first.org/members/teams/#denmark
- 4.3. International cyber security organisation hosted by the country 0
  
  0
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A regional or international cyber security organisation is hosted by the country.
  Accepted references
  Organisation’s official website
  
  Evidence
- 4.4. Cyber security capacity building for other countries 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country has (co-)financed or (co-)organised at least one capacity building project for another country in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Official website or project document
  
  Evidence

BASELINE CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

5. Protection of digital services 5/5 100%

5
5 100%
- 5.1. Cyber security responsibility for digital service providers 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  According to legislation, digital service providers (except micro and small enterprises): (1) must manage cyber/ICT risks or (2) must implement established cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=201060
  
  See § 8.
  
  "Lov om net- og informationssikkerhed for domænenavnssystemer og visse digitale tjenester" implements parts of the Directive (EU) 2016/1148 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2016 concerning measures for a high common level of security of network and information systems across the Union.
- 5.2. Cyber security standard for the public sector 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Public sector digital service providers must implement (1) cyber/ICT security requirements (defined by legislation) or (2) a widely recognised security standard.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://digst.dk/sikkerhed/iso27001/
  
  Compliance with the principles in ISO 27001 is mandatory for public authorities
- 5.3. Competent supervisory authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise public and private digital service providers regarding the implementation of cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=201060
  
  Article 5
6. Protection of essential services 5/6 83%

5
6 83%
- 6.1. Operators of essential services are identified 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a legal act that allows to identify operators of essential services.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=201060#idf5b1121a-7be0-4331-9abf-ddcdcc201b7a
  
  § 3
- 6.2. Cyber security requirements for operators of essential services 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  According to the legislation, operators of essential services must manage cyber/ICT risks.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=201060#idf5b1121a-7be0-4331-9abf-ddcdcc201b7a
  
  § 4
- 6.3. Competent supervisory authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise operators of essential services, regarding cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=201060#id6f9ecfd9-fc9b-49eb-ad04-287eae0cbeda
  
  § 14
- 6.4. Regular monitoring of security measures 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Operators of essential services must regularly (at least once every 3 years) provide evidence of the effective implementation of cyber/information security policies (e.g. audit result, documentation, specific report).
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
7. E-identification and trust services 8/9 89%

8
9 89%
- 7.1. Unique persistent identifier 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government provides a unique persistent identifier to all citizens, residents, and legal entities. For example, the identifier remains the same after document expiration and name change.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.cpr.dk/english/executive-order-on-the-civil-registration-system-act/
- 7.2. Requirements for cryptosystems 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Requirements for cryptosystems in the field of trust services are regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
- 7.3. Electronic identification 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Electronic identification is regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014R0910&from=EN
- 7.4. Electronic signature 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  E-signature is regulated
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014R0910&from=EN
  
  eIDAS regulation
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/2018/439
  
  Regulated by Law concerning NemID (this laws has replaced the former law concerning electronic signatures)
- 7.5. Timestamping 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Timestamping is regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014R0910&from=EN
- 7.6. Electronic registered delivery service 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Electronic registered delivery service between state entities, citizens and private sector entities is regulated. The service provides legally binding data exchange and guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of information.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014R0910&from=EN
  
  eIDAS
- 7.7. Competent supervisory authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is an authority responsible for the supervision of qualified trust service providers.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=180237
  
  Digitaliseringsstyrelsen / the Agency for Digitisation is the supervisory authority.
8. Protection of personal data 4/4 100%

4
4 100%
- 8.1. Personal data protection legislation 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a legal act for personal data protection.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.datatilsynet.dk/generelt-om-databeskyttelse/lovgivning/
- 8.2. Personal data protection authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is an independent public supervisory authority that is responsible for personal data protection.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.datatilsynet.dk/om-datatilsynet/

INCIDENT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT INDICATORS

9. Cyber incidents response 6/6 100%

6
6 100%
- 9.1. Cyber incidents response unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a unit (CSIRT, CERT, CIRT, etc.) that is specialised in national-level cyber incident detection and response.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://cfcs.dk/da/om-os/netsikkerhedstjenesten/
  
  The Centre for Cyber Security is the national CERT.
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/2019/836
  
  Executive Order no. 836 of 7 August 2019 of the Act on the Center for Cyber Security
- 9.2. Reporting responsibility 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Digital service providers and operators of essential services have an obligation to notify appointed government authorities of cyber security incidents.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=201060#idf5b1121a-7be0-4331-9abf-ddcdcc201b7a
  
  § 5, § 9
- 9.3. Single point of contact for international coordination 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has designated a single point of contact for international cyber security coordination.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/implementation-nis-directive-denmark
  
  Implemented as part of the implementation of the NIS directive. Center for Cyber Security is single point of contact.
10. Cyber crisis management 3/5 60%

3
5 60%
- 10.1. Cyber crisis management plan 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has established a crisis management plan for large-scale cyber incidents.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
- 10.2. National-level cyber crisis management exercise 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has conducted a national-level cyber crisis management exercise or a crisis management exercise with a cyber component in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://cfcs.dk/da/nyheder/2020/tvarsektoriel-ovelse/
  
  The Centre for Cyber Security and organizations and authorities in the critical sectors participated in a national cross-sectorial cyber exercise on 19/11/2020.
- 10.3. Participation in international cyber crisis exercises 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country's team has participated in an international cyber crisis management exercise in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://fe-ddis.dk/cfcs/nyheder/arkiv/2016/Pages/CyberEurope2016-enf%C3%A6llesstyrke.aspx
  
  https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/CyberStormV_AfterActionReport_2016vFinal-%20508%20Compliant%20v2.pdf
- 10.4. Operational support of volunteers in cyber crises 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The procedures for using volunteers in the field of cyber security are established by legislation.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
11. Fight against cybercrime 6/9 67%

6
9 67%
- 11.1. Cybercrimes are criminalised 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Cybercrimes are defined by legislation.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://goo.gl/CFAacg
  
  § 263, § 263a
- 11.2. Cybercrime unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a government entity with a specific function of combatting cybercrime.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.politi.dk/da/ompolitiet/Samarbejde/nc3skyt/
  
  National Cyber Crime Center (NC3)
  
  https://twitter.com/rigspoliti_nc3
- 11.3. Digital forensics unit 0
  
  0
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a government entity with a specific function of digital forensics.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
- 11.4. 24/7 contact point for international cybercrime 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has designated an international 24/7 contact point for cybercrimes.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.politi.dk/en/Report/
  
  https://rm.coe.int/16804b3493
12. Military cyber operations 6/6 100%

6
6 100%
- 12.1. Cyber operations unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Military forces have a unit (cyber command, etc.) that is specialised in planning and conducting cyber operations.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www2.forsvaret.dk/nyheder/nationale_opgaver/Pages/Nyenhedtilmilit%C3%A6recyberoperationer.aspx
  
  Danish Military Intelligence has a Computer Network Operations unit.
- 12.2. Cyber operations exercise 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Military forces have conducted a cyber operations exercise or an exercise with a cyber operations component in the country in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www2.forsvaret.dk/nyheder/overige_nyheder/Pages/SpecialoperationsstyrkerindtagerNord-ogMidtjylland.aspx
  
  The NATO exercise NIGHT HAWK 2018, which included hybrid/cyber elements, took place in Denmark.
- 12.3. Participation in international cyber exercises 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country's military team has participated in an international cyber operations exercise in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://cfcs.dk/da/nyheder/2020/cyber-coalition-2020/
  
  Denmark took part in the Cyber Coalition exercise in November 2020 along with 28 other NATO members and four partner countries.

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Archived data from 2016-2023

17. Denmark 84.42

NCSI FULFILMENT PERCENTAGE

NCSI DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE 3 years All data

RANKING TIMELINE

Version 20 Sep 2021 Choose a version 20 Sep 2021 23 Jan 2019 8 Oct 2018 6 Apr 2017

GENERAL CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

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Version 20 Sep 2021