NCSI :: Japan

Archived data from 2016-2023

52. Japan 63.64

52nd	National Cyber Security Index
7th	Global Cybersecurity Index
10th	ICT Development Index
13th	Networked Readiness Index

Population		127.0million
Area (km2)		377.9thousand
GDP per capita ($)		44.4thousand

NCSI FULFILMENT PERCENTAGE

NCSI DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE 3 years All data

RANKING TIMELINE

NCSI Update		Data source

Version 25 Aug 2021

GENERAL CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

1. Cyber security policy development 7/7 100%

7
7 100%
- 1.1. Cyber security policy unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A central government entity (ministry or equivalent) has a specialised official or unit responsible for national cyber security policy development.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=3677&vm=04&re=01
  
  Cybersecurity Strategic Headquarters, according to The Basic Act on Cybersecurity Article 26(1) & (2)
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/index.html
  
  Strategy and Policy Planning Group of the National Center of Incident Readiness and Strategy for Cybersecurity (NISC)
- 1.2. Cyber security policy coordination format 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has a committee, council, working group, etc. for national-level cyber security policy coordination.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=3677&vm=04&re=01
  
  Cybersecurity Strategic Headquarters, according to The Basic Act on Cybersecurity Article 26(1)
- 1.3. Cyber security strategy 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has established a national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.
  Accepted references
  Valid official document
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/pdf/cs-strategy2018-en-booklet.pdf
  
  Cybersecurity Strategy 2018
  (Japan is currently revising the Cybersecurity Strategy 2018 and decides on its New Strategy by the end of this year, according to the Outline of Japan's Next Cybersecurity Strategy)
- 1.4. Cyber security strategy implementation plan 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has established an implementation plan to the national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.
  Accepted references
  Valid official document or its enforcement act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/active/kihon/pdf/cs2020.pdf
2. Cyber threat analysis and information 4/5 80%

4
5 80%
- 2.1. Cyber threats analysis unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A central government entity has a national-level unit that is specialised in national strategic cyber threat situation analysis.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/index.html
- 2.2. Public cyber threat reports are published annually 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The public part of the national cyber threat situation analysis is published at least once a year.
  Accepted references
  Official public report
  
  Evidence
- 2.3. Cyber safety and security website 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Public authorities provide at least one cyber safety and security website for cyber security and ICT professionals, and regular users.
  Accepted references
  Website
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/security-site/index.html
  
  The NISC provides some basic information on internet safety and cybersecurity to the general public.
3. Education and professional development 9/9 100%

9
9 100%
- 3.1. Cyber safety competencies in primary or secondary education 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Primary or secondary education curricula include cyber safety / computer safety competences.
  Accepted references
  Official curriculum or official report
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.mext.go.jp/content/20200608-mxt_jogai01-000003284_003.pdf
  
  The new school curriculum continues to include the subject relating to information security as part of overall category of information technology competence. (see pages 24 - 26 or search for セキュリティ)
- 3.2. Bachelor’s level cyber security programme 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Bachelor’s or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
  
  http://en.ritsumei.ac.jp/ise/course/security/
- 3.3. Master’s level cyber security programme 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Master’s or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www2.iisec.ac.jp/english/education/course/cybersecurity_governance.html
- 3.4. PhD level cyber security programme 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at PhD or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www2.iisec.ac.jp/english/admissions/adpol_d/
- 3.5. Cyber security professional association 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a professional association of cyber/electronic information security specialists, managers or auditors.
  Accepted references
  Website
  
  Evidence
  
  https://engage.isaca.org/japanesechapters/aboutus
  
  ISACA Japanese Chapters
  
  http://www.isaca-osaka.org/
  
  ISACA Osaka Chapter
  
  http://www.isaca.gr.jp/
  
  ISACA Tokyo Chapter
4. Contribution to global cyber security 3/6 50%

3
6 50%
- 4.1. Convention on Cybercrime 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country has ratified the Convention on Cybercrime.
  Accepted references
  Official website of the convention
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/185/signatures?p_auth=zrS8ISMY
- 4.2. Representation in international cooperation formats 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government is regularly represented in a cooperation format that is dedicated to international cyber security (e.g. FIRST).
  Accepted references
  Official website of the cooperation format
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.first.org/members/teams/#japan
  
  http://www.apcert.org/about/structure/members.html
- 4.3. International cyber security organisation hosted by the country 0
  
  0
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A regional or international cyber security organisation is hosted by the country.
  Accepted references
  Organisation’s official website
  
  Evidence
- 4.4. Cyber security capacity building for other countries 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country has (co-)financed or (co-)organised at least one capacity building project for another country in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Official website or project document
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.jica.go.jp/project/english/vietnam/052/index.html
  
  Project on Capacity Building for Cyber Security in Vietnam (JICA) until late 2021
  
  https://www.jica.go.jp/project/english/indonesia/023/index.html
  
  Project for Human Resources Development for Cyber Security Professionals in Indonesia (JICA) until mid 2024
  
  https://jaif.asean.org/project-brief/asean-japan-cybersecurity-capacity-building-centre-step-2/
  
  ASEAN-Japan Cybersecurity Capacity Building Centre in Thailand (JAIF)

BASELINE CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

5. Protection of digital services 2/5 40%

2
5 40%
- 5.1. Cyber security responsibility for digital service providers 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  According to legislation, digital service providers (except micro and small enterprises): (1) must manage cyber/ICT risks or (2) must implement established cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=3677&vm=04&re=01
  
  The Basic Act on Cybersecurity Article 7
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/pdf/iot_framework2016_eng.pdf
  
  According to the General Framework for Secure IoT Systems, Japan will start seeking security also in non-critical infrastructure, including manufacturers, and pursuing a global multi-stakeholder approach to security in IoT.
- 5.2. Cyber security standard for the public sector 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Public sector digital service providers must implement (1) cyber/ICT security requirements (defined by legislation) or (2) a widely recognised security standard.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=3677&vm=04&re=01
  
  The Basic Act on Cybersecurity Article 13: /.../ the national government is to provide necessary measures including: the formulation of common standards of Cybersecurity measures for national administrative organs and Incorporated Administrative Agencies /.../
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/pdf/kijyun30-en.pdf
  
  Common Standards for Information Security Measures for Government Agencies and Related Agencies (FY2018)
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/pdf/shishin30-en.pdf
  
  The Guidance on Operations of Information Security Measures of Government Agencies and Related Agencies
- 5.3. Competent supervisory authority 0
  
  0
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise public and private digital service providers regarding the implementation of cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
6. Protection of essential services 2/6 33%

2
6 33%
- 6.1. Operators of essential services are identified 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a legal act that allows to identify operators of essential services.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/pdf/cs_policy_cip_eng_v4_r2.pdf
  
  Annex 1 on page 54
- 6.2. Cyber security requirements for operators of essential services 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  According to the legislation, operators of essential services must manage cyber/ICT risks.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=3677&vm=04&re=01
  
  The Basic Act on Cybersecurity Article 6
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/pdf/cs_policy_cip_eng_v4_r2.pdf
  
  The Cybersecurity Policy for Critical Infrastructure Protection (4th Edition)
  
  https://www.nisc.go.jp/eng/pdf/principles_ci_eng_v4.pdf
  
  Guidelines for the Establishment of Safety Standards of CIIP (4th Edition)
- 6.3. Competent supervisory authority 0
  
  0
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise operators of essential services, regarding cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
- 6.4. Regular monitoring of security measures 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Operators of essential services must regularly (at least once every 3 years) provide evidence of the effective implementation of cyber/information security policies (e.g. audit result, documentation, specific report).
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
7. E-identification and trust services 2/9 22%

2
9 22%
- 7.1. Unique persistent identifier 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government provides a unique persistent identifier to all citizens, residents, and legal entities. For example, the identifier remains the same after document expiration and name change.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=2755&vm=04&re=02
- 7.2. Requirements for cryptosystems 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Requirements for cryptosystems in the field of trust services are regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
- 7.3. Electronic identification 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Electronic identification is regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
- 7.4. Electronic signature 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  E-signature is regulated
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=109&vm=04&re=01
  
  Act on Electronic Signatures and Certification Business
- 7.5. Timestamping 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Timestamping is regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
- 7.6. Electronic registered delivery service 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Electronic registered delivery service between state entities, citizens and private sector entities is regulated. The service provides legally binding data exchange and guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of information.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
- 7.7. Competent supervisory authority 0
  
  0
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is an authority responsible for the supervision of qualified trust service providers.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
8. Protection of personal data 4/4 100%

4
4 100%
- 8.1. Personal data protection legislation 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a legal act for personal data protection.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.ppc.go.jp/files/pdf/APPI_english.pdf
  
  Amended Act on the Protection of Personal Information
  
  https://www.ppc.go.jp/en/legal/
- 8.2. Personal data protection authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is an independent public supervisory authority that is responsible for personal data protection.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.ppc.go.jp/en/aboutus/roles/

INCIDENT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT INDICATORS

9. Cyber incidents response 3/6 50%

3
6 50%
- 9.1. Cyber incidents response unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a unit (CSIRT, CERT, CIRT, etc.) that is specialised in national-level cyber incident detection and response.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.jpcert.or.jp/english/about/
- 9.2. Reporting responsibility 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Digital service providers and operators of essential services have an obligation to notify appointed government authorities of cyber security incidents.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
- 9.3. Single point of contact for international coordination 0
  
  0
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has designated a single point of contact for international cyber security coordination.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
10. Cyber crisis management 3/5 60%

3
5 60%
- 10.1. Cyber crisis management plan 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has established a crisis management plan for large-scale cyber incidents.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
- 10.2. National-level cyber crisis management exercise 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has conducted a national-level cyber crisis management exercise or a crisis management exercise with a cyber component in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://cyder.nict.go.jp/
  
  2021 Practical Cyber Defense Exercise "CYDER"
- 10.3. Participation in international cyber crisis exercises 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country's team has participated in an international cyber crisis management exercise in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.mod.go.jp/en/article/2021/04/5fd96950ea91fddb91d84033407c1f9b16d95378.html#1
  
  Locked Shields 2021
  
  https://www.apcert.org/documents/pdf/APCERT_Drill2020_Press%20Release.pdf
  
  APCERT Drill 2020
- 10.4. Operational support of volunteers in cyber crises 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The procedures for using volunteers in the field of cyber security are established by legislation.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
11. Fight against cybercrime 9/9 100%

9
9 100%
- 11.1. Cybercrimes are criminalised 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Cybercrimes are defined by legislation.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=1960
  
  Penal Code: Articles 161-2, 168-2, 234, 246-2, 250, 258-259
  
  http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_sosiki/joho_tsusin/security/basic/legal/02.html
  
  Translation by Google
  
  http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_sosiki/joho_tsusin/security/basic/legal/09.html
  
  Translation by Google
- 11.2. Cybercrime unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a government entity with a specific function of combatting cybercrime.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.npa.go.jp/cyberpolice/english/index.html
- 11.3. Digital forensics unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a government entity with a specific function of digital forensics.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.npa.go.jp/joutuu/008_e.htm
- 11.4. 24/7 contact point for international cybercrime 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has designated an international 24/7 contact point for cybercrimes.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://rm.coe.int/cyber-list-of-competent-authorities-updated-march-2019-v2/168093755f
  
  International Investigative Operations Division
  Organized Crime Department - National Police Agency
12. Military cyber operations 1/6 17%

1
6 17%
- 12.1. Cyber operations unit 0
  
  0
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Military forces have a unit (cyber command, etc.) that is specialised in planning and conducting cyber operations.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
- 12.2. Cyber operations exercise 0
  
  0
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Military forces have conducted a cyber operations exercise or an exercise with a cyber operations component in the country in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
- 12.3. Participation in international cyber exercises 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country's military team has participated in an international cyber operations exercise in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.mod.go.jp/en/article/2021/04/5fd96950ea91fddb91d84033407c1f9b16d95378.html#1
  
  Locked Shields 2021 (press release)

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The information provided on the NCSI website is based on publicly available evidence materials. The appearance in the index and subsequent ranking is commensurate to the existence and public availability of such information. The NCSI links to third party websites and information. The NCSI and eGA are not responsible for the accuracy or completeness of third party website information.

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Archived data from 2016-2023

52. Japan 63.64

NCSI FULFILMENT PERCENTAGE

NCSI DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE 3 years All data

RANKING TIMELINE

Version 25 Aug 2021 Choose a version 25 Aug 2021 8 Nov 2018 3 Jul 2018 10 May 2018

GENERAL CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

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BASELINE CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

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INCIDENT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT INDICATORS

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Version 25 Aug 2021