NCSI :: Greece

Archived data from 2016-2023

7. Greece 89.61

7th	National Cyber Security Index
28th	Global Cybersecurity Index
38th	ICT Development Index
49th	Networked Readiness Index

Population		10.9million
Area (km2)		132.0thousand
GDP per capita ($)		29.1thousand

NCSI FULFILMENT PERCENTAGE

NCSI DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE 3 years All data

RANKING TIMELINE

NCSI Update		Data source
24 Apr 2023		Public data collection

Version 24 Apr 2023

GENERAL CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

1. Cyber security policy development 7/7 100%

7
7 100%
- 1.1. Cyber security policy unit 3
  
  3
  3
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A central government entity (ministry or equivalent) has a specialised official or unit responsible for national cyber security policy development.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wHUdWr4xouZundtvSoClrL87SPB1HbULODtIl9LGdkF53UIxsx942CdyqxSQYNuqAGCF0IfB9HI6qSYtMQEkEHLwnFqmgJSA5WIsluV-nRwO1oKqSe4BlOTSpEWYhszF8P8UqWb_zFijHMcZw88MDhrFwRRtV57V-QBI50JZMeDYJ-9P2kfvqVO
  
  The Directorate – General for Cyber Security of the Ministry of Digital Governance (National Cyber Security Authority- NCSA), Presidential Decree N.40/2020, Article 43 1 (a), link above which downloads the legal act as a PDF document.
  
  See also the Presidential Decree No. 82 (“ΟΡΓΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΥΠΟΥΡΓΕΙΟΥ ΨΗΦΙΑΚΗΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗΣ, ΤΗΛΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΕΝΗΜΕΡΩΣΗΣ”), in particular Article 15, which can be found on the official website of the National Printing Office.
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  "The Directorate – General for Cyber Security of the Ministry of Digital Governance (National Cyber Security Authority- NCSA) is responsible for managing the implementation of the Cybersecurity Strategy and the coordination of entities throughout the enactment of the required measures” (p.27).
  
  https://mindigital.gr/dioikisi/kyvernoasfaleia
  
  Official website
- 1.2. Cyber security policy coordination format 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has a committee, council, working group, etc. for national-level cyber security policy coordination.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/nomos_5002_2022.pdf
  
  Coordination Committee for Cyber Security issues, Articles 20-25
  
  http://www.ggk.gov.gr/?page_id=143
  
  The Governmental Council for National Security, Law 4622/2019, Article 7
- 1.3. Cyber security strategy 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has established a national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.
  Accepted references
  Valid official document
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  National Cyber Security Strategy 2020 – 2025
- 1.4. Cyber security strategy implementation plan 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The central government has established an implementation plan to the national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.
  Accepted references
  Valid official document or its enforcement act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  National Cyber Security Strategy 2020 – 2025, see pp. 74-88 (Table of Flagship Activities)
2. Cyber threat analysis and information 4/5 80%

4
5 80%
- 2.1. Cyber threats analysis unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A central government entity has a national-level unit that is specialised in national strategic cyber threat situation analysis.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/N.4577_2018.pdf
  
  Law 4577/2018, Article 8 (3a-b,d)
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  “In addition, the National CERT aims to optimize the level of prevention, assessment and analysis of threats among the entities involved in the National Strategy. The National CERT, in cooperation with the other CSIRT / CERTs operating within the country but also with other national CSIRT / CERTs with which it has established a cooperation network, constantly monitors at national and international level the threats and vulnerabilities of information and communication systems, analyses and evaluates them, based on the specifics of the country, and informs the entities in order to strengthen their readiness in dealing with security incidents. (…)” P. 55, National Cyber Security Strategy 2020 – 2025, link above.
- 2.2. Public cyber threat reports are published annually 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The public part of the national cyber threat situation analysis is published at least once a year.
  Accepted references
  Official public report
  
  Evidence
- 2.3. Cyber safety and security website 1
  
  1
  1
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Public authorities provide at least one cyber safety and security website for cyber security and ICT professionals, and regular users.
  Accepted references
  Website
  
  Evidence
  
  http://cyberalert.gr/en/
  
  http://www.cyberkid.gov.gr/
  
  https://www.nis.gr/en/national-cert/useful-info
  
  See also the website of the Hellenic CSIRT.
3. Education and professional development 7/9 78%

7
9 78%
- 3.1. Cyber safety competencies in primary or secondary education 1
  
  1
  1
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Primary or secondary education curricula include cyber safety / computer safety competences.
  Accepted references
  Official curriculum or official report
  
  Evidence
  
  Official curriculum: "Cyber safety competences" for primary education (articles 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D)
  
  Official curriculum: "Cyber safety competences" for lower secondary education (pages 28-30)
  
  Official curriculum: "Cyber safety competences" for upper secondary education (article 4)
  
  https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/1e14056b-6701-11ed-b14f-01aa75ed71a1/language-en
  
  Structural indicators for monitoring education and training systems in Europe 2022, Eurydice background report, link above.
  
  See Figure 1: Compulsory starting grade and curriculum approaches to teaching digital competence, 2021/2022 (p.28); Greece has it for primary education (ISCED level 1), lower secondary education (ISCED level 24).
  
  See Figure 2: Learning outcomes related to selected digital competences defined in the DigComp framework, 2021/2022 (p.30); Greece has it for Information and Data Literacy (ISCED level 1 & ISCED level 24), Communication and Collaboration (ISCED level 1 & ISCED level 24), Digital Content Creation (ISCED level 1 & ISCED level 24), Safety (ISCED level 1 & ISCED level 24) and Creatively using digital technologies (ISCED level 1 & ISCED level 24)
  
  https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c2fcfd3c-438e-11ed-92ed-01aa75ed71a1
  
  Informatics education at school in Europe, Eurydice report (2022), link above, p. 53, Safety and security, Area 10: Safety and security, Greece (country code “EL”) has it for all levels, i.e., primary & secondary education.
- 3.2. Bachelor’s level cyber security programme 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Bachelor’s or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.medcollege.edu.gr/en/courses/bsc-hons-computer-networks-security/
  
  https://www.acg.edu/undergraduate/undergraduate-programs/school-of-liberal-arts-sciences/liberal-arts-sciences-majors/cybersecurity-and-networks/
- 3.3. Master’s level cyber security programme 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Master’s or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
  
  https://msc.icsd.aegean.gr/security/?lang=en
  
  https://www.ihu.gr/ucips/postgraduate-programmes/cybersecurity
  
  https://www.mitropolitiko.edu.gr/en/masters-postgraduate-degrees/faculty-of-computing/msc-information-security-and-computer-forensics
- 3.4. PhD level cyber security programme 0
  
  0
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at PhD or equivalent level.
  Accepted references
  Accredited study programme
  
  Evidence
- 3.5. Cyber security professional association 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a professional association of cyber/electronic information security specialists, managers or auditors.
  Accepted references
  Website
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.isc2-chapter.gr/
  
  http://www.isaca.gr/
4. Contribution to global cyber security 5/6 83%

5
6 83%
- 4.1. Convention on Cybercrime 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country has ratified the Convention on Cybercrime.
  Accepted references
  Official website of the convention
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list?module=signatures-by-treaty&treatynum=185
  
  Entry into force: 01/05/2017
- 4.2. Representation in international cooperation formats 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government is regularly represented in a cooperation format that is dedicated to international cyber security (e.g. FIRST).
  Accepted references
  Official website of the cooperation format
  
  Evidence
  
  https://ccdcoe.org/about-us/
  
  The NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDCOE)
  
  https://www.first.org/members/teams/?#Greece
  
  FIRST
  
  https://www.trusted-introducer.org/directory/country_LICSA.html
  
  TS-CSIRT Trusted Introducer
- 4.3. International cyber security organisation hosted by the country 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  A regional or international cyber security organisation is hosted by the country.
  Accepted references
  Organisation’s official website
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.enisa.europa.eu/about-enisa/contact
  
  European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA)
- 4.4. Cyber security capacity building for other countries 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country has (co-)financed or (co-)organised at least one capacity building project for another country in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Official website or project document
  
  Evidence

BASELINE CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

5. Protection of digital services 5/5 100%

5
5 100%
- 5.1. Cyber security responsibility for digital service providers 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  According to legislation, digital service providers (except micro and small enterprises): (1) must manage cyber/ICT risks or (2) must implement established cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/3739B-19-1.pdf
  
  Ministerial Decision 1027/2019 (Α’ 3739), link above, Articles 2-6.
- 5.2. Cyber security standard for the public sector 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Public sector digital service providers must implement (1) cyber/ICT security requirements (defined by legislation) or (2) a widely recognised security standard.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/3739B-19-1.pdf
  
  Ministerial Decision 1027/2019 (Α’ 3739), link above, Articles 2-6.
- 5.3. Competent supervisory authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise public and private digital service providers regarding the implementation of cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wG3UHk-ZeQumndtvSoClrL8Rc9TCA8iZVd5MXD0LzQTLWPU9yLzB8V68knBzLCmTXKaO6fpVZ6Lx3UnKl3nP8NxdnJ5r9cmWyJWelDvWS_18kAEhATUkJb0x1LIdQ163nV9K--td6SIuSLjo42Rt6sw_v8IVsRLp-lpJxuPF8A2aUEUyrG8UBge
  
  NIS Directive Implementation Law: Supervision authorities for security requirements of digital service providers (article 11)
6. Protection of essential services 6/6 100%

6
6 100%
- 6.1. Operators of essential services are identified 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a legal act that allows to identify operators of essential services.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/N.4577_2018.pdf
  
  Law 4577/2018, Article 4 in conjunction with Annex I.
- 6.2. Cyber security requirements for operators of essential services 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  According to the legislation, operators of essential services must manage cyber/ICT risks.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/3739B-19-1.pdf
  
  Ministerial Decision 1027/2019 (Α’ 3739), Article 3-4.
- 6.3. Competent supervisory authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise operators of essential services, regarding cyber/information security requirements.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/N.4577_2018.pdf
  
  The National Cyber Security Authority (NCSA), Law 4577/2018, link above, Article 7
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  The Directorate – General for Cyber Security of the Ministry of Digital Governance (National Cyber Security Authority- NCSA), pp. 27-28 National Cyber Security Strategy 2020 – 2025, link above.
- 6.4. Regular monitoring of security measures 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Operators of essential services must regularly (at least once every 3 years) provide evidence of the effective implementation of cyber/information security policies (e.g. audit result, documentation, specific report).
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/3739B-19-1.pdf
  
  Ministerial Decision 1027/2019 (Α’ 3739)
  
  Article 4 (A6) - Self Assessment - Improvement
  
  “In order to monitor and continuously improve the security of network and information systems, a self-assessment report is drawn up accompanied by a relevant corrective or improvement action plan, which is notified to the National Cyber Security Authority. The self-assessment is carried out on an annual basis or after causing a serious disruption to the provision of a basic service by any event, using an appropriate Guide issued and revised by the National Cyber Security Authority.”
7. E-identification and trust services 9/9 100%

9
9 100%
- 7.1. Unique persistent identifier 1
  
  1
  1
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government provides a unique persistent identifier to all citizens, residents, and legal entities. For example, the identifier remains the same after document expiration and name change.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.oecd.org/tax/automatic-exchange/crs-implementation-and-assistance/tax-identification-numbers/Greece-TIN.pdf
  
  “According to art. 11 of the Greek Tax Procedure Code (L. 4174/2013), the Tax Administration assigns a unique taxpayer identification number to every taxpayer.”
  
  See Greek Tax Procedure Code (L. 4174/2013), Article 11
  
  http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wHUdWr4xouZundtvSoClrL8yb7l1HobT0h5MXD0LzQTLWPU9yLzB8V68knBzLCmTXKaO6fpVZ6Lx9hLslJUqeiQ_D666Ef5eMVZ9_vCnX9uO2JR-_NBf_GRZw-9xUI6UnA.
  
  Personal Number, Law 4727/2020 (Official Gazette 184/A΄/2020), link above, Article 11.
  
  Article 11 (1)
  A personal number (P.A.) is established as a mandatory identity verification number for natural persons in their transactions with public sector bodies . OPA. consists of twelve (12) alphanumeric elements, of which at least nine (9) are numerical, and is granted once to the natural person. OPA. it does not change and is deactivated upon the death or declaration of non-existence of the natural person.
  Article 11 (2)
  P.A. is granted compulsorily to every natural person who is entitled to a Tax Registration Number (A.F.M.) or a Social Security Number (A.M.K.A.), in accordance with national legislation.
  
  http://www.amka.gr
- 7.2. Requirements for cryptosystems 1
  
  1
  1
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Requirements for cryptosystems in the field of trust services are regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://aped.gov.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/%CE%9243_12-1-22.pdf
  
  Ministerial Decision AP 243/5-1-2022 ( Government Gazette 43/Β'/2022 ) – “Certification Regulation of the Certification Authority of the Hellenic State (APED)”. The procedures for the provision of certification services by the Certification Authority of the Greek State are defined, link above (source can also be found here), see Technical Security Measures, pp. 698 – 703.
  
  “This Certificate Policy (CP) defines the certificate policy of APED, the terms and conditions for the assignment and support or provision of trust services to entities – Trust Service Providers, who are required to apply this legal, technical and operational service provision framework” (p. 675)
- 7.3. Electronic identification 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Electronic identification is regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wHUdWr4xouZundtvSoClrL8yb7l1HobT0h5MXD0LzQTLWPU9yLzB8V68knBzLCmTXKaO6fpVZ6Lx9hLslJUqeiQ_D666Ef5eMVZ9_vCnX9uO2JR-_NBf_GRZw-9xUI6UnA.
  
  Law 4727/2020 (Official Gazette 184/A΄/2020), link above (which downloads the legal act as a PDF document), see Articles 53, 57 and 84.
  
  https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014R0910&from=EN
  
  Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council, eIDAS (electronic IDentification, Authentication and trust Services), link above.
- 7.4. Electronic signature 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  E-signature is regulated
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wHUdWr4xouZundtvSoClrL8yb7l1HobT0h5MXD0LzQTLWPU9yLzB8V68knBzLCmTXKaO6fpVZ6Lx9hLslJUqeiQ_D666Ef5eMVZ9_vCnX9uO2JR-_NBf_GRZw-9xUI6UnA.
  
  Law 4727/2020 (Official Gazette 184/A΄/2020), link above (which downloads the legal act as a PDF document), see for example Articles 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 27, 50, 54, 55, 100.
  
  https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014R0910&from=EN
  
  Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council, eIDAS (electronic IDentification, Authentication and trust Services), link above.
- 7.5. Timestamping 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Timestamping is regulated.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wHUdWr4xouZundtvSoClrL8yb7l1HobT0h5MXD0LzQTLWPU9yLzB8V68knBzLCmTXKaO6fpVZ6Lx9hLslJUqeiQ_D666Ef5eMVZ9_vCnX9uO2JR-_NBf_GRZw-9xUI6UnA.
  
  Law 4727/2020 (Official Gazette 184/A΄/2020), link above (which downloads the legal act as a PDF document), see for example Articles 2, 13, 17, 30.
  
  https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014R0910&from=EN
  
  Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council, eIDAS (electronic IDentification, Authentication and trust Services), link above.
- 7.6. Electronic registered delivery service 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Electronic registered delivery service between state entities, citizens and private sector entities is regulated. The service provides legally binding data exchange and guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of information.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wHUdWr4xouZundtvSoClrL8yb7l1HobT0h5MXD0LzQTLWPU9yLzB8V68knBzLCmTXKaO6fpVZ6Lx9hLslJUqeiQ_D666Ef5eMVZ9_vCnX9uO2JR-_NBf_GRZw-9xUI6UnA.
  
  Law 4727/2020 (Official Gazette 184/A΄/2020), link above (which downloads the legal act as a PDF document), see for example Articles 2, 29, 30, 51, 107.
  
  https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014R0910&from=EN
  
  Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council, eIDAS (electronic IDentification, Authentication and trust Services), link above.
- 7.7. Competent supervisory authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is an authority responsible for the supervision of qualified trust service providers.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wHUdWr4xouZundtvSoClrL8yb7l1HobT0h5MXD0LzQTLWPU9yLzB8V68knBzLCmTXKaO6fpVZ6Lx9hLslJUqeiQ_D666Ef5eMVZ9_vCnX9uO2JR-_NBf_GRZw-9xUI6UnA.
  
  Hellenic Telecommunications & Post Commission, Law 4727/2020 ( Official Gazette 184/A΄/2020 ), Article 113.
8. Protection of personal data 4/4 100%

4
4 100%
- 8.1. Personal data protection legislation 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a legal act for personal data protection.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.dpa.gr/sites/default/files/2020-08/LAW%204624_2019_EN_TRANSLATED%20BY%20THE%20HDPA.PDF
  
  Law 4624/2019
  
  https://www.dpa.gr/en/enimerwtiko/legal_framework/personal_data
- 8.2. Personal data protection authority 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is an independent public supervisory authority that is responsible for personal data protection.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.dpa.gr/en
  
  Hellenic Data Protection Authority (HDPA)
  
  https://www.dpa.gr/sites/default/files/2020-08/LAW%204624_2019_EN_TRANSLATED%20BY%20THE%20HDPA.PDF
  
  Law 4624/2019, link above, Article 4 (c) and CHAPTER B SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY (Articles 9-20).

INCIDENT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT INDICATORS

9. Cyber incidents response 6/6 100%

6
6 100%
- 9.1. Cyber incidents response unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has a unit (CSIRT, CERT, CIRT, etc.) that is specialised in national-level cyber incident detection and response.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.nis.gr/en/agency/mission-and-responsibilities
  
  National Intelligence Service (NIS/ “EYP”)
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  “In accordance with the provisions of Presidential Decree Nr. 96/2020 (A ‘232) amending the provisions of Presidential Decree Nr. 1/2017 (A ‘2) concerning the reform of the National Intelligence Service (NIS), NIS’s Cyberspace Directorate is the competent authority for: (…)
  d) Τhe mitigation of cyber-attacks against public entities participating in the national Cybersecurity network as defined by the National Cyber Security Authority, with the exception of those that fall within the competence of the Cyber Defence Directorate (CSIRT) of the National Defence General Staff. Specifically, the NIS National CERT, supports the Prime Minister’s Office and the ministries, (with the exception of the Ministry of National Defense), in the prevention, early warning and response to cyber-attacks” (p. 29 of National Cyber Security Strategy 2020 – 2025, link above).
  
  https://www.e-nomothesia.gr/kat-nomothesia-genikou-endiapherontos/proedriko-diatagma-96-2020-phek-232a-20-11-2020.html
  
  Presidential Decree 96/2020 - Official Gazette 232/A/20-11-2020 (Codified), link above, Article 2 (5).
- 9.2. Reporting responsibility 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Digital service providers and operators of essential services have an obligation to notify appointed government authorities of cyber security incidents.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/N.4577_2018.pdf
  
  Law 4577/2018, link above, Article 9 OES; Article 11 DSP.
- 9.3. Single point of contact for international coordination 2
  
  2
  2
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has designated a single point of contact for international cyber security coordination.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  The Directorate – General for Cyber Security of the Ministry of Digital Governance (National Cyber Security Authority- NCSA), European and international level cooperation, representation and communication management (agencies, Member States, etc.), p. 28 of National Cyber Security Strategy 2020 – 2025, link above.
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/N.4577_2018.pdf
  
  Law 4577/2018, Article 7 (2), link above.
  
  See also Presidential Decree No. 82 (“ΟΡΓΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΥΠΟΥΡΓΕΙΟΥ ΨΗΦΙΑΚΗΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗΣ, ΤΗΛΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΕΝΗΜΕΡΩΣΗΣ”), which can be found on the official website of the National Printing Office, see Article 15 (4 a,b)
10. Cyber crisis management 4/5 80%

4
5 80%
- 10.1. Cyber crisis management plan 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has established a crisis management plan for large-scale cyber incidents.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  National Cyber Security Strategy 2020 – 2025, see p. 28 “Crisis management and National Emergency Plan activation”; pp. 43-44 “Development of a National Contingency Plan”; p. 76 “ Table of Flagship Activities”
  
  https://digitalstrategy.gov.gr/project/ekponisi_schedioy_ektaktis_anagkis_gia_tin_antimetopisi_kriseon_ston_kyvernochoro
- 10.2. National-level cyber crisis management exercise 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has conducted a national-level cyber crisis management exercise or a crisis management exercise with a cyber component in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://geetha.mil.gr/ethniki-diakladiki-askisi-kyvernoamynas-panoptis-2021/
  
  National Interbranch Cyber Defense Exercise "PANOPTIS 2021"
- 10.3. Participation in international cyber crisis exercises 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country's team has participated in an international cyber crisis management exercise in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.enisa.europa.eu/news/is-the-eu-healthcare-sector-cyber-healthy-the-conclusions-of-cyber-europe-2022
  
  Cyber Europe 2022 – "In total, 918 participants (planners, players and monitors)1 officially registered for the exercise, representing the 27 EU Member States, 2 EFTA countries (Norway and Switzerland) and several EU institutions and agencies (including CERT-EU, EAAS, EDPS, EUSPA, EUROPOL and the European Commission), see Cyber Europe 2022: After Action Report, p. 9.
  
  https://www.enisa.europa.eu/news/enisa-news/eu-member-states-test-rapid-cyber-crisis-management
  
  "CySOPEx 2021 is testing for the first time today the procedures for prompt and effective cyber crisis management in the EU to face large-scale, cross border cyber-attacks. (...) All Member States and the European Commission are taking part in the exercise (...)."
- 10.4. Operational support of volunteers in cyber crises 0
  
  0
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The procedures for using volunteers in the field of cyber security are established by legislation.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
11. Fight against cybercrime 9/9 100%

9
9 100%
- 11.1. Cybercrimes are criminalised 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Cybercrimes are defined by legislation.
  Accepted references
  Legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  http://www.cybercc.gr/en/legislation/
  
  The Greek Cybercrime Center gives an overview about the substantive legal provisions on cyber crime.
  
  New Penal Code (Law 4619/2019 - Government Gazette A’ 95), see Article 370, Art. 370.B, Article 370, Article 386Α, Article 348Α and Article 337. The Code can be downloaded here.
  
  https://ministryofjustice.gr/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/12aNomos4411-1.pdf
  
  Law 4411/2016: "Ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime and its Additional Protocol, regarding the criminalization of acts of a racist and xenophobic nature, committed through Computer Systems - Transposition into Greek law of Directive 2013/40/ EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on attacks against information systems and the replacement of Council Framework Decision 2005/222/JHA, penal and anti-crime policy arrangements and other provisions. Published in the Official Gazette No. A 142/3.8.2016.
- 11.2. Cybercrime unit 3
  
  3
  3
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a government entity with a specific function of combatting cybercrime.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.astynomia.gr/hellenic-police/special-services/cyber-crime-division/?lang=en
  
  Cyber Crime Division of the Hellenic Police (Ministry of Citizen Protection)
  
  https://mindigital.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/E%CE%9D-NATIONAL-CYBER-SECURITY-STRATEGY-2020_2025.pdf
  
  "The Cyber Crime Division was established by Presidential Decree Nr. 178/2014 (A ‘281), in Athens, and maintains a Sub-Division, situated in Thessaloniki. The Division’s mission includes the prevention, investigation and suppression of antisocial behaviours and crimes committed through the internet or other electronic means of communication. The Cyber Crime Division is a separate central Unit, which reports directly to the Chief of the Hellenic Police. It consists of five departments which cover all aspects of user protection and cyberspace security.
  
  Its newly upgraded structure consists of the following Departments:
  
  Administrative Support and Information Management Unit
  
  Innovative Actions and Strategy Unit
  
  Electronic & Telephone Communications and Software & Copyright
  Protection Unit
  
  Minors’ Online Protection and Digital Investigation Unit
  
  Special Cases and Online Financial Crimes Prosecution Unit"
  
  See National Cyber Security Strategy 2020 – 2025, pp. 29-30, link above.
- 11.3. Digital forensics unit 3
  
  3
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  There is a government entity with a specific function of digital forensics.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://www.astynomia.gr/hellenic-police/special-services/hellenic-police-forensic-science-division/?lang=en
  
  Hellenic Police Forensic Science Division - Digital Evidence Examination Department
- 11.4. 24/7 contact point for international cybercrime 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The government has designated an international 24/7 contact point for cybercrimes.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
  
  https://rm.coe.int/cyber-list-of-competent-authorities-september-2021/1680a3aaae
  
  Cyber-crime Division, Hellenic Police Headquarters.
12. Military cyber operations 3/6 50%

3
6 50%
- 12.1. Cyber operations unit 0
  
  0
  3
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Military forces have a unit (cyber command, etc.) that is specialised in planning and conducting cyber operations.
  Accepted references
  Official website or legal act
  
  Evidence
- 12.2. Cyber operations exercise 2
  
  2
  2
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  Military forces have conducted a cyber operations exercise or an exercise with a cyber operations component in the country in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://geetha.mil.gr/ethniki-diakladiki-askisi-kyvernoamynas-panoptis-2021/
  
  National Interbranch Cyber Defense Exercise "PANOPTIS 2021".
- 12.3. Participation in international cyber exercises 1
  
  1
  1
  
  Requirements
  
  Criteria
  The country's military team has participated in an international cyber operations exercise in the last 3 years.
  Accepted references
  Exercise document/website or press release
  
  Evidence
  
  https://geetha.mil.gr/askisi-kyvernoamynas-toy-nato-cyber-coalition-2022/
  
  Cyber Coalition 2022
  
  https://geetha.mil.gr/askisi-gordian-knot-2022/
  
  GORDIAN KNOT 2022 had a cyber component.

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The information provided on the NCSI website is based on publicly available evidence materials. The appearance in the index and subsequent ranking is commensurate to the existence and public availability of such information. The NCSI links to third party websites and information. The NCSI and eGA are not responsible for the accuracy or completeness of third party website information.

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CONTRIBUTORS

George Drivas
National Cyber Security Authority, General Secretariat for Telecommunications and Post

Nestoras Chouliaras
National Cyber Security Authority, General Secretariat for Telecommunications and Post

Archived data from 2016-2023

7. Greece 89.61

NCSI FULFILMENT PERCENTAGE

NCSI DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE 3 years All data

RANKING TIMELINE

Version 24 Apr 2023 Choose a version 24 Apr 2023 27 Apr 2020 4 Feb 2020 14 Oct 2019 11 Oct 2019 12 Jul 2019 27 Feb 2019 22 Jan 2019 22 Mar 2018

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INCIDENT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT INDICATORS

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Version 24 Apr 2023