GENERAL CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

• 1. Cyber security policy development 2/7 29%
  2

  7 29%
  • 1.1. Cyber security policy unit 0
    0

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    A central government entity (ministry or equivalent) has a specialised official or unit responsible for national cyber security policy development.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    ×
  • 1.2. Cyber security policy coordination format 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The central government has a committee, council, working group, etc. for national-level cyber security policy coordination.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    ×
  • 1.3. Cyber security strategy 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The central government has established a national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.

    Accepted references

    Valid official document

    Evidence

    https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/c57a0733652f47688294934ffd93fc53/national-cyber-security-strategy-for-norway.pdf

    National Cyber Security Strategy for Norway (2019)

    ---

    https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/dokumenter/sikpol/cyberstrategi_web.pdf

    As a complementary document, see also the International Cyber Strategy for Norway (2017)

    ×
  • 1.4. Cyber security strategy implementation plan 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The central government has established an implementation plan to the national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.

    Accepted references

    Valid official document or its enforcement act

    Evidence

    https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/c57a0733652f47688294934ffd93fc53/list-of-measures--national-cyber-security-strategy-for-norway.pdf

    List of measures – National Cyber Security Strategy for Norway (2019)

    ×
• 2. Cyber threat analysis and information 5/5 100%
  5

  5 100%
  • 2.1. Cyber threats analysis unit 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    A central government entity has a national-level unit that is specialised in national strategic cyber threat situation analysis.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://nsm.stat.no/english/

    ---

    https://forsvaret.no/organisasjon/etterretningstjenesten

    The Norwegian Intelligence Service or Etterretningstjenesten is a Norwegian military intelligence agency under the Chief of Defence and the Ministry of Defence

    ×
  • 2.2. Public cyber threat reports are published annually 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The public part of the national cyber threat situation analysis is published at least once a year.

    Accepted references

    Official public report

    Evidence

    https://nsm.no/getfile.php/1312007-1664785983/NSM/Filer/Dokumenter/Rapporter/NDIG2022_online.pdf

    The National Digital Risk Picture (2022) of the Norwegian Security Authority (NSM) gives an overview about the cyber situation in Norway (topics that are addressed include, e.g.:  Three areas of society which are particularly affected; politically motivated denial of service attacks; exploitation of software vulnerabilities makes up a large part of the activity we see; several businesses are digitally affected by ransom viruses and sabotage in Norway etc.)

    ---

    https://nsm.no/getfile.php/137495-1635323653/NSM/Filer/Dokumenter/Rapporter/NSM_IKT-risikobilde_2021_ny_B_enkeltside.pdf

    The National Digital Risk Picture (2021)

    ×
  • 2.3. Cyber safety and security website 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Public authorities provide at least one cyber safety and security website for cyber security and ICT professionals, and regular users.

    Accepted references

    Website

    Evidence

    https://www.medietilsynet.no/digitale-medier/barn-og-medier/

    ---

    https://nettvett.no

    ---

    https://nsm.no/fagomrader/digital-sikkerhet/nasjonalt-cybersikkerhetssenter/varsler-fra-ncsc/

    The E-Learning environment of the NSM can be accessed here. 

    ×
• 3. Education and professional development 9/9 100%
  9

  9 100%
  • 3.1. Cyber safety competencies in primary or secondary education 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Primary or secondary education curricula include cyber safety / computer safety competences.

    Accepted references

    Official curriculum or official report

    Evidence

    https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d7834ad0-ddac-11e9-9c4e-01aa75ed71a1

    Digital Education at School in Europe (Eurydice Report), 2019 (link above)

    • "The majority of European education systems have explicitly included learning outcomes related to all five digital competence areas. In descending order of prevalence these are: information and data literacy, digital content creation, communication and collaboration, safety, and problem solving (see Figure 1.5)" (see p. 10).
       
    • “For the purpose of this focused analysis, eight of the 21 digital competences in DigComp have been selected, taking at least one from each of the five areas (…). Protecting personal data and privacy (safety area): the increasing relevance of this competence is reflected in European curricula, as nearly 30 education systems have explicit related learning outcomes in secondary education, and nearly 20 in primary education (see Figure 1.7)" (pp. 10-11)
       
    • See page 43 (Figure 1.7), Norway (NO) has it for ISCED 1, ISCED 2 and ISCED 3
       
    • See also page 122: Curriculum approaches to digital competences according to national curricula for primary and general secondary education (ISCED 1-3), 2018/19.

    ---

    https://www.udir.no/contentassets/fd2d6bfbf2364e1c98b73e030119bd38/framework_for_basic_skills.pdf

    Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training, Framework for Basic Skills (link above, see pp. 12-13). 

    For more information click also here. 

    ×
  • 3.2. Bachelor’s level cyber security programme 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Bachelor’s or equivalent level.

    Accepted references

    Accredited study programme

    Evidence

    https://www.noroff.no/en/studies/university-college/cyber-security

    ---

    https://www.ntnu.edu/studies/bdigsec/bachelor-of-science-in-digital-infrastructure-and-cyber-security-bdigsec-

    ×
  • 3.3. Master’s level cyber security programme 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Master’s or equivalent level.

    Accepted references

    Accredited study programme

    Evidence

    https://www.ntnu.edu/studies/mis

    ---

    https://www.uio.no/english/studies/programmes/information-security-master/_index.html

    ---

    https://www.uia.no/en/studieplaner/programme/M-SEC

    ×
  • 3.4. PhD level cyber security programme 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at PhD or equivalent level.

    Accepted references

    Accredited study programme

    Evidence

    https://www.ntnu.edu/studies/phdis

    ×
  • 3.5. Cyber security professional association 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a professional association of cyber/electronic information security specialists, managers or auditors.

    Accepted references

    Website

    Evidence

    https://engage.isaca.org/norwaychapter/home

    ×
• 4. Contribution to global cyber security 3/6 50%
  3

  6 50%
  • 4.1. Convention on Cybercrime 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The country has ratified the Convention on Cybercrime.

    Accepted references

    Official website of the convention

    Evidence

    http://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/185/signatures?p_auth=6ptinPGC

    ×
  • 4.2. Representation in international cooperation formats 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government is regularly represented in a cooperation format that is dedicated to international cyber security (e.g. FIRST).

    Accepted references

    Official website of the cooperation format

    Evidence

    https://www.first.org/members/teams/#norway

    ×
  • 4.3. International cyber security organisation hosted by the country 0
    0

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    A regional or international cyber security organisation is hosted by the country.

    Accepted references

    Organisation’s official website

    Evidence

    ×
  • 4.4. Cyber security capacity building for other countries 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The country has (co-)financed or (co-)organised at least one capacity building project for another country in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Official website or project document

    Evidence

    https://www.norveskazavas.org.rs/en/vtext/one-million-euros-from-norway-for-strengthening-the-information-security-in-serbia

    "Norway for you - Serbia" (2021)

    ×

BASELINE CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

• 5. Protection of digital services 0/5 0%
  0

  5 0%
  • 5.1. Cyber security responsibility for digital service providers 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    According to legislation, digital service providers (except micro and small enterprises): (1) must manage cyber/ICT risks or (2) must implement established cyber/information security requirements.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    ×
  • 5.2. Cyber security standard for the public sector 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Public sector digital service providers must implement (1) cyber/ICT security requirements (defined by legislation) or (2) a widely recognised security standard.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    ×
  • 5.3. Competent supervisory authority 0
    0

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise public and private digital service providers regarding the implementation of cyber/information security requirements.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    ×
• 6. Protection of essential services 5/6 83%
  5

  6 83%
  • 6.1. Operators of essential services are identified 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a legal act that allows to identify operators of essential services.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/NLE/lov/2018-06-01-24#KAPITTEL_2

    The Security Act (link above), Chapter 7 (Object and infrastructure security), Section 7.1 (Critical national objects and infrastructure) and Section 7.2. (Classification of critical national objects and infrastructure)

    ---

    https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumenter/nou-2006-6/id157408/?ch=3

    NOU 2006: 6, When safety is most important – Protection of the country’s critical infrastructures and critical societal functions (Recommendations from a committee appointed by royal decree on 29 October 2004. Submitted to the Ministry of Justice on 5 April 2006) (Link above, see Chapter 3, Table 1.1)

    Norway differentiates between six critical infrastructures and eleven critical societal functions: 

    Critical infrastructure

    • Electric power
    • Electronic communication
    • Water and wastewater
    • Transportation
    • Oil and gas
    • Satellite-based infrastructure

    Critical Societal functions

    • Banking and Finance
    • Food Supply
    • Health, social and social security services
    • Police
    • Emergency and rescue service
    • Crisis Management
    • Storing and Government
    • The courts
    • Defence
    • Environmental monitoring
    • Renovation

    ×
  • 6.2. Cyber security requirements for operators of essential services 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    According to the legislation, operators of essential services must manage cyber/ICT risks.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/NLE/lov/2018-06-01-24#KAPITTEL_2

    Chapter 6

    ×
  • 6.3. Competent supervisory authority 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise operators of essential services, regarding cyber/information security requirements.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/NLE/lov/2018-06-01-24#KAPITTEL_2

    The National Security Authority (NSM) 

    The Security Act (link above), Chapter 3 (Supervision), Section 3.1 (Supervision of undertakings). 

    ---

    https://nsm.no/home/

    Official website of the Norwegian National Security Authority 

    ×
  • 6.4. Regular monitoring of security measures 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Operators of essential services must regularly (at least once every 3 years) provide evidence of the effective implementation of cyber/information security policies (e.g. audit result, documentation, specific report).

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    ×
• 7. E-identification and trust services 8/9 89%
  8

  9 89%
  • 7.1. Unique persistent identifier 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government provides a unique persistent identifier to all citizens, residents, and legal entities. For example, the identifier remains the same after document expiration and name change.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/LTI/forskrift/2007-11-09-1268

    Regulations on population registration ; Norwegian identification number – Birth Number and “D” Number, see Section 2-2. (Date of birthday) and § 2-5. (D number). For more information click here. 

    ---

    https://www.oecd.org/tax/automatic-exchange/crs-implementation-and-assistance/tax-identification-numbers/Norway-TIN.pdf

    Link above, some additional information concerning national identity numbers and D-numbers can be found.

    In regards to legal entities: 

    “(…) Upon registration, legal entities are issued an organisation number. The organisation number serves as the identifier of the legal entity. The organisation number thereby also serves as the TIN for legal entities. (…)

    The organisation number (TIN) is the unique identification of a legal entity. The TIN will appear on all official documents issued both by the legal entity itself and by government agencies such as the tax office. The identification on tax returns and other tax related forms for legal entities will thus always be the TIN.”

    ×
  • 7.2. Requirements for cryptosystems 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Requirements for cryptosystems in the field of trust services are regulated.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    ×
  • 7.3. Electronic identification 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Electronic identification is regulated.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.norge.no/en/digital-citizen/electronic-id#:~:text=MinID%20is%20a%20personal%2C%20electronic,you%20can%20order%20a%20MinID.

    Electronic ID

    "In order to use digital services from Norwegian public agencies, you must have an electronic identification, e-ID, to be able to log in. An electronic identification is an electronic way of proving one's identity on the internet."

    ---

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2019-11-21-1578/KAPITTEL_2-4#%C2%A715

    Regulations on self-declaration of schemes for electronic identification (the self-declaration regulations), see for example §§ 17, 18.

    ×
  • 7.4. Electronic signature 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    E-signature is regulated

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2018-06-15-44

    Act on the implementation of the EU regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market (Act on electronic trust services)

    § 1. eID and electronic trust services in the EEA

    The EEA Agreement annex XI Electronic communications, audiovisual services and information society services (regulation (EU) no. 910/2014 ) on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market applies as law with the adaptations that follow from annex XI, protocol 1 to the agreement and the agreement in general.

    ---

    https://www.kantega.no/blogg/elektronisk-id-i-hele-europa

    Background information (see link above):

    "With the eIDAS regulation, which entered into force in 2016, the EU attempted to solve such challenges. Through the EEA agreement, the regulation was incorporated into Norwegian law in 2018."

    ×
  • 7.5. Timestamping 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Timestamping is regulated.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2018-06-15-44

    Act on the implementation of the EU regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market (Act on electronic trust services)

    § 1. eID and electronic trust services in the EEA

    The EEA Agreement annex XI Electronic communications, audiovisual services and information society services (regulation (EU) no. 910/2014 ) on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market applies as law with the adaptations that follow from annex XI, protocol 1 to the agreement and the agreement in general.

    ---

    https://www.kantega.no/blogg/elektronisk-id-i-hele-europa

    Background information (see link above):

    "With the eIDAS regulation, which entered into force in 2016, the EU attempted to solve such challenges. Through the EEA agreement, the regulation was incorporated into Norwegian law in 2018."

    ×
  • 7.6. Electronic registered delivery service 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Electronic registered delivery service between state entities, citizens and private sector entities is regulated. The service provides legally binding data exchange and guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of information.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2018-06-15-44

    Act on the implementation of the EU regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market (Act on electronic trust services)

    § 1. eID and electronic trust services in the EEA

    The EEA Agreement annex XI Electronic communications, audiovisual services and information society services (regulation (EU) no. 910/2014 ) on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market applies as law with the adaptations that follow from annex XI, protocol 1 to the agreement and the agreement in general.

    ---

    https://www.kantega.no/blogg/elektronisk-id-i-hele-europa

    Background information (see link above):

    "With the eIDAS regulation, which entered into force in 2016, the EU attempted to solve such challenges. Through the EEA agreement, the regulation was incorporated into Norwegian law in 2018."

    ×
  • 7.7. Competent supervisory authority 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is an authority responsible for the supervision of qualified trust service providers.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.nkom.no/om-nkom

    In Norway, the Norwegian Communications Authority (Nkom) is designated as the supervisory body for electronic ID and trust services.

    ×
• 8. Protection of personal data 4/4 100%
  4

  4 100%
  • 8.1. Personal data protection legislation 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a legal act for personal data protection.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/LTI/lov/2000-04-14-31

    Act on the Processing of Personal Data (Personal Data Act), 2000 

    ---

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2018-06-15-38

    LOV-2018-06-15-38 – Act on the Processing of Personal Data (Personal Data Act) (link above). 

    Background information: 

    "(...) The GDPR was incorporated in the EEA Agreement by a Joint Committee Decision dated July 6, 2018. The new Norwegian Personal Data Act (LOV-2018-06-15-38) ("PDA") implements GDPR and became effective as of July 20, 2018. (...)"  Cited source can be accessed here. 

    ×
  • 8.2. Personal data protection authority 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is an independent public supervisory authority that is responsible for personal data protection.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.datatilsynet.no/en/about-us/

    The Norwegian Data Protection Authority

    ×

INCIDENT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT INDICATORS

• 9. Cyber incidents response 3/6 50%
  3

  6 50%
  • 9.1. Cyber incidents response unit 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has a unit (CSIRT, CERT, CIRT, etc.) that is specialised in national-level cyber incident detection and response.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://nsm.no/areas-of-expertise/cyber-security/norwegian-national-cyber-security-centre-ncsc/

    "NCSC is a part of the Norwegian Security Authority (NSM). We are Norway's national cyber security centre and home to the national CERT*; NorCERT." 

    ×
  • 9.2. Reporting responsibility 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Digital service providers and operators of essential services have an obligation to notify appointed government authorities of cyber security incidents.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    ×
  • 9.3. Single point of contact for international coordination 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has designated a single point of contact for international cyber security coordination.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    ×
• 10. Cyber crisis management 0/5 0%
  0

  5 0%
  • 10.1. Cyber crisis management plan 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has established a crisis management plan for large-scale cyber incidents.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    ×
  • 10.2. National-level cyber crisis management exercise 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has conducted a national-level cyber crisis management exercise or a crisis management exercise with a cyber component in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Exercise document/website or press release

    Evidence

    ×
  • 10.3. Participation in international cyber crisis exercises 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The country's team has participated in an international cyber crisis management exercise in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Exercise document/website or press release

    Evidence

    ×
  • 10.4. Operational support of volunteers in cyber crises 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The procedures for using volunteers in the field of cyber security are established by legislation.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    ×
• 11. Fight against cybercrime 9/9 100%
  9

  9 100%
  • 11.1. Cybercrimes are criminalised 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Cybercrimes are defined by legislation.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2005-05-20-28/KAPITTEL_2-6

    Cybercrimes covered by the Norwegian Penal Code include unlawful access to data (data breach), vandalism in the form of unlawful tampering with someone else’s data, making available passwords or other access data, denial of service (DoS) attacks, unlawful use of computing power and identity theft.

    ---

    https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=no&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Flovdata.no%2Fdokument%2FNL%2Flov%2F2005-05-20-28%3Fq%3DStraffelov

    ×
  • 11.2. Cybercrime unit 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a government entity with a specific function of combatting cybercrime.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.politiet.no/om-politiet/organisasjonen/sarorganene/kripos/kripos-hovedarbeidsomrader/nasjonalt-cyberkrimsenter/

    National Cybercrime Center (NC3)

    "NC3 is the national center for the prevention, detection and combating of threats and crime in the digital space. The center develops methods and provides assistance to the police districts as well as investigates its own cases within cybercrime."

    ---

    https://www.politiet.no/om-politiet/organisasjonen/sarorganene/kripos/kripos-hovedarbeidsomrader/#undefined

    ×
  • 11.3. Digital forensics unit 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a government entity with a specific function of digital forensics.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.politiet.no/om-politiet/organisasjonen/sarorganene/kripos/kripos-hovedarbeidsomrader/#undefined

    National Cybercrime Center (NC3)

    "(...) National Cybercrime Center (NC3) operates the national forensic laboratory for electronic traces. (...)".

    ×
  • 11.4. 24/7 contact point for international cybercrime 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has designated an international 24/7 contact point for cybercrimes.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://rm.coe.int/cyber-list-of-competent-authorities-september-2021/1680a3aaae

    Cybercrime Section KRIPOS National Criminal Investigation Service (NCIS Norway)

    ×
• 12. Military cyber operations 4/6 67%
  4

  6 67%
  • 12.1. Cyber operations unit 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Military forces have a unit (cyber command, etc.) that is specialised in planning and conducting cyber operations.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.forsvaret.no/om-forsvaret/organisasjon/cyberforsvaret

    The Norwegian Cyber Defence Force ("Cyberforsvaret")

    ×
  • 12.2. Cyber operations exercise 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Military forces have conducted a cyber operations exercise or an exercise with a cyber operations component in the country in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Exercise document/website or press release

    Evidence

    ×
  • 12.3. Participation in international cyber exercises 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The country's military team has participated in an international cyber operations exercise in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Exercise document/website or press release

    Evidence

    https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_165640.htm?selectedLocale=en

    Locked Shields 2019

    ×