GENERAL CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

• 1. Cyber security policy development 1/7 14%
  1

  7 14%
  • 1.1. Cyber security policy unit 0
    0

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    A central government entity (ministry or equivalent) has a specialised official or unit responsible for national cyber security policy development.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence
  • 1.2. Cyber security policy coordination format 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The central government has a committee, council, working group, etc. for national-level cyber security policy coordination.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence
  • 1.3. Cyber security strategy 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The central government has established a national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.

    Accepted references

    Valid official document

    Evidence

    https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.pa/pdfTemp/27289_A/GacetaNo_27289a_20130517.pdf
  • 1.4. Cyber security strategy implementation plan 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The central government has established an implementation plan to the national-level cyber security strategy or other equivalent document.

    Accepted references

    Valid official document or its enforcement act

    Evidence
• 2. Cyber threat analysis and information 0/5 0%
  0

  5 0%
  • 2.1. Cyber threats analysis unit 0
    0

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    A central government entity has a national-level unit that is specialised in national strategic cyber threat situation analysis.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence
  • 2.2. Public cyber threat reports are published annually 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The public part of the national cyber threat situation analysis is published at least once a year.

    Accepted references

    Official public report

    Evidence
  • 2.3. Cyber safety and security website 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Public authorities provide at least one cyber safety and security website for cyber security and ICT professionals, and regular users.

    Accepted references

    Website

    Evidence
• 3. Education and professional development 7/9 78%
  7

  9 78%
  • 3.1. Cyber safety competencies in primary or secondary education 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Primary or secondary education curricula include cyber safety / computer safety competences.

    Accepted references

    Official curriculum or official report

    Evidence

    http://www.educapanama.edu.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/planes-de-estudio-oficial-2018.pdf

    A  2018 Communiqué presents the Study plans for different High School National Programs. All of these programs deliver a subject called "Tecnología de la Información" (I.T.) in at least 10th grade.

    ---

    http://www.educapanama.edu.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/programas-educacion-media-academica-tecnologia-informacion-10-2013.pdf

    The 2014 (and still valid) version of the IT program presents five knowledge areas to be taught. Area 5 is denominated Computer Security (pages 41-42) and has the following objectives:

    - To manage concepts related to computer security, in order to protect the information we handle on a daily basis.

    - To promote and preserve the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the information systems, including hardware, software and information that they process, store and communicate, in order to safeguard the information that is produced.
  • 3.2. Bachelor’s level cyber security programme 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Bachelor’s or equivalent level.

    Accepted references

    Accredited study programme

    Evidence
  • 3.3. Master’s level cyber security programme 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at Master’s or equivalent level.

    Accepted references

    Accredited study programme

    Evidence

    http://www.fisc.utp.ac.pa/maestria-en-seguridad-informatica

    ---

    https://www.uip.edu.pa/maestrias/sistemas-de-informacion/maestria-en-gerencia-de-sistemas-con-enfasis-en-seguridad-informatica/
  • 3.4. PhD level cyber security programme 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is at least one cyber security / electronic information security focused programme at PhD or equivalent level.

    Accepted references

    Accredited study programme

    Evidence

    http://www.utp.ac.pa/realizan-defensa-doctoral-con-tema-sobre-estrategia-de-ciberseguridad
  • 3.5. Cyber security professional association 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a professional association of cyber/electronic information security specialists, managers or auditors.

    Accepted references

    Website

    Evidence

    http://www.isoc.org.pa/

    ---

    http://www.isaca.org/chapters6/Panama/Pages/default.aspx
• 4. Contribution to global cyber security 2/6 33%
  2

  6 33%
  • 4.1. Convention on Cybercrime 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The country has ratified the Convention on Cybercrime.

    Accepted references

    Official website of the convention

    Evidence

    https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/185/signatures?p_auth=zrS8ISMY
  • 4.2. Representation in international cooperation formats 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government is regularly represented in a cooperation format that is dedicated to international cyber security (e.g. FIRST).

    Accepted references

    Official website of the cooperation format

    Evidence

    https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/cyb/publications/2012/IMPACT/IMPACT-en.pdf

    ITU-IMPACT (see page 6)
  • 4.3. International cyber security organisation hosted by the country 0
    0

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    A regional or international cyber security organisation is hosted by the country.

    Accepted references

    Organisation’s official website

    Evidence
  • 4.4. Cyber security capacity building for other countries 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The country has (co-)financed or (co-)organised at least one capacity building project for another country in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Official website or project document

    Evidence

BASELINE CYBER SECURITY INDICATORS

• 5. Protection of digital services 3/5 60%
  3

  5 60%
  • 5.1. Cyber security responsibility for digital service providers 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    According to legislation, digital service providers (except micro and small enterprises): (1) must manage cyber/ICT risks or (2) must implement established cyber/information security requirements.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 5.2. Cyber security standard for the public sector 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Public sector digital service providers must implement (1) cyber/ICT security requirements (defined by legislation) or (2) a widely recognised security standard.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 5.3. Competent supervisory authority 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise public and private digital service providers regarding the implementation of cyber/information security requirements.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    http://www.innovacion.gob.pa/acercade

    Seems relevant only to public authorities.
• 6. Protection of essential services 0/6 0%
  0

  6 0%
  • 6.1. Operators of essential services are identified 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a legal act that allows to identify operators of essential services.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 6.2. Cyber security requirements for operators of essential services 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    According to the legislation, operators of essential services must manage cyber/ICT risks.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 6.3. Competent supervisory authority 0
    0

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has a competent authority in the field of cyber/information security that has the power to supervise operators of essential services, regarding cyber/information security requirements.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence
  • 6.4. Regular monitoring of security measures 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Operators of essential services must regularly (at least once every 3 years) provide evidence of the effective implementation of cyber/information security policies (e.g. audit result, documentation, specific report).

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
• 7. E-identification and trust services 6/9 67%
  6

  9 67%
  • 7.1. Unique persistent identifier 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government provides a unique persistent identifier to all citizens, residents, and legal entities. For example, the identifier remains the same after document expiration and name change.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    http://clarciev.com/en/paises/panama-2/

    ---

    https://dgi.mef.gob.pa/Registro.html

    For legal persons it is the Registro Único de Contribuyente (RUC)

    The Unique Taxpayer Registry (RUC in Spanish), is the tax identification number of each taxpayer, created by the General Directorate of Revenues, with the purpose of establishing greater fiscal equity and more effective control of tax compliance of individuals, communities, companies, associations, groups, or entities of any kind with or without legal personality that cause or must withhold taxes due to the activities they develop.

    For such purposes, it will be understood that said tax identification number will be:

    a. For natural persons, the same number of the Personal Identity Card.

    b. For legal persons, the registration number in the Public Registry, Commercial Persons section.

     
  • 7.2. Requirements for cryptosystems 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Requirements for cryptosystems in the field of trust services are regulated.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 7.3. Electronic identification 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Electronic identification is regulated.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 7.4. Electronic signature 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    E-signature is regulated

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://docs.panama.justia.com/federales/leyes/51-de-2008-jul-24-2008.pdf

    Law 51 of July 22nd, 2008: Which defines and regulates electronic documents and electronic signatures, and the provision of services of technological storage of documents and of certification of electronic signatures, and adopts other provisions for the development of electronic commerce

    ---

    https://www.firmaelectronica.gob.pa/documentos/Ley_82-Que_modifica_la_Ley_51_de_2008.pdf

    Law 82 of November 9th, 2012: Which grants to the Public Registry of Panama the powers of registration authority and electronic signature root certifier for the Republic of Panama, modifies the Law 51 of 2008 and adopts other provisions.

    ---

    http://gacetas.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/27401_2013.pdf

    Executive Decree 684 of October 18th, 2013: Which regulates Law 51 of July 22nd, 2008 and Law 82 of November 9th, 2012, regarding the electronic signature. [P. 22 - 36 of the web link 3 PDF]
  • 7.5. Timestamping 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Timestamping is regulated.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.registro-publico.gob.pa/images/stories/Ley82de2012atribucionesalRPPparaserAutoridadRegistradoraycertificadoraraiz.pdf

    Law 82 of November 9th, 2012 grants to the Public Registry of Panama the powers of registration authority and electronic signature root certifier for the Republic of Panama, modifies the Law 51 of 2008 and adopts other provisions.

    • Article 2 establishes that one of the functions of the Public Registry of Panamá is to offer the service of Time Stamping.
    • Article 7, modifies Article 2 of Law 51 by adding Subpoint 46 which defines Time Stamping.

    ---

    http://gacetas.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/27401_2013.pdf

    Executive Decree 684 of October 18th, 2013 regulates Law 51 of July 22nd, 2008 and Law 82 of November 9th, 2012, regarding the electronic signature. [P. 22 - 36 of the PDF]

    • Article 2, Subpoint 17 defines Time Stamping and presents its possible synonyms (i.e. sellado de tiempo, fechado electrónico, marca de hora).
    • Article 3, Subpoint 4 establishes that the Public Registry of Panamá is authorized to offer the service of Time Stamping, among other.
  • 7.6. Electronic registered delivery service 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Electronic registered delivery service between state entities, citizens and private sector entities is regulated. The service provides legally binding data exchange and guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of information.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 7.7. Competent supervisory authority 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is an authority responsible for the supervision of qualified trust service providers.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.firmaelectronica.gob.pa/documentos/Ley_82-Que_modifica_la_Ley_51_de_2008.pdf

    Law No. 82 of November 9, 2012, which grants the Public Registry of Panama powers of registration authority and electronic signature root certifier for the Republic of Panama, modifies Law 51 of 2008 and adopts other provisions.
• 8. Protection of personal data 4/4 100%
  4

  4 100%
  • 8.1. Personal data protection legislation 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a legal act for personal data protection.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.pa/pdfTemp/28743_A/72148.pdf

    Law 81 of 2019
  • 8.2. Personal data protection authority 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is an independent public supervisory authority that is responsible for personal data protection.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.pa/pdfTemp/28743_A/72148.pdf

    National Authority for Transparency and Access to Information & National Authority for Government Innovation

    Law 81 of 2019

    Article 7
     

    ---

    http://www.antai.gob.pa/funciones/

    ANTAI functions include:
    "Ensure the proper reservation and protection of data and information held by the State that according to the Constitution and the Law of Transparency have the nature of confidential information and restricted access information and personal data."

INCIDENT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT INDICATORS

• 9. Cyber incidents response 3/6 50%
  3

  6 50%
  • 9.1. Cyber incidents response unit 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has a unit (CSIRT, CERT, CIRT, etc.) that is specialised in national-level cyber incident detection and response.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://cert.pa/sobre-nosotros/

    ---

    https://cert.pa/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Decreto-Ejecutivo-no-709.pdf

    Executive Decree: Creation of CSIRT Panama
  • 9.2. Reporting responsibility 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Digital service providers and operators of essential services have an obligation to notify appointed government authorities of cyber security incidents.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 9.3. Single point of contact for international coordination 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has designated a single point of contact for international cyber security coordination.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence
• 10. Cyber crisis management 1/5 20%
  1

  5 20%
  • 10.1. Cyber crisis management plan 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has established a crisis management plan for large-scale cyber incidents.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
  • 10.2. National-level cyber crisis management exercise 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has conducted a national-level cyber crisis management exercise or a crisis management exercise with a cyber component in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Exercise document/website or press release

    Evidence
  • 10.3. Participation in international cyber crisis exercises 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The country's team has participated in an international cyber crisis management exercise in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Exercise document/website or press release

    Evidence

    https://www.incibe-cert.es/en/international-cyberex-previous-editions

    CyberEx 2017
  • 10.4. Operational support of volunteers in cyber crises 0
    0

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The procedures for using volunteers in the field of cyber security are established by legislation.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence
• 11. Fight against cybercrime 9/9 100%
  9

  9 100%
  • 11.1. Cybercrimes are criminalised 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Cybercrimes are defined by legislation.

    Accepted references

    Legal act

    Evidence

    http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/es/text.jsp?file_id=189273#LinkTarget_964

    Title VIII

    Crimes against the Legal Security of Electronic Media

    Chapter I

    Crimes against Computer Security

    Article 285. Whoever improperly enters or uses a database, network or computer system will be sanctioned with two to four years of prison.

    Article 286. Anyone who improperly seizes, copies, uses or modifies the data in transit or contained in a database or computer system, or interferes, intercepts, hinders or prevents their transmission will be sanctioned with two to four years in prison.
    
    See also Art 162a, 165, 180, 220, 237, 260, 421.
  • 11.2. Cybercrime unit 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a government entity with a specific function of combatting cybercrime.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://www.coe.int/en/web/octopus/country-wiki/-/asset_publisher/hFPA5fbKjyCJ/content/panama/

    "There are two agencies responsible for the coordination and judicial investigation of cyber crime. These agencies are the Deputy Prosecutor for Crimes against Intellectual Property and Information Security of the Attorney General's Office conformed by the Public Prosecutor (Ministerio Público) and the Directorate for Judicial Investigation of the National Police. A specialized investigating unit on computer crime was recently created within the Directorate for Judicial Investigation and it is under current development. Such specialized investigating unit will provide capacity and training to conduct investigations and digital forensics activities."
  • 11.3. Digital forensics unit 3
    3

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    There is a government entity with a specific function of digital forensics.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    http://www.imelcf.gob.pa/
  • 11.4. 24/7 contact point for international cybercrime 2
    2

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The government has designated an international 24/7 contact point for cybercrimes.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence

    https://rm.coe.int/16804b3493

    Judicial Investigation Unit, National Central Bureau of Interpol
• 12. Military cyber operations 1/6 17%
  1

  6 17%
  • 12.1. Cyber operations unit 0
    0

    3

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Military forces have a unit (cyber command, etc.) that is specialised in planning and conducting cyber operations.

    Accepted references

    Official website or legal act

    Evidence
  • 12.2. Cyber operations exercise 0
    0

    2

    Requirements

    Criteria

    Military forces have conducted a cyber operations exercise or an exercise with a cyber operations component in the country in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Exercise document/website or press release

    Evidence
  • 12.3. Participation in international cyber exercises 1
    1

    1

    Requirements

    Criteria

    The country's military team has participated in an international cyber operations exercise in the last 3 years.

    Accepted references

    Exercise document/website or press release

    Evidence

    http://www.southcom.mil/Media/Special-Coverage/PANAMAX-2018/

    Panamax 2018 Information